Psychology 405 (Spring, 2016): Unit V
(Note: The following is a guide to what you should know. To help you
locate items, these are presented in
roughly the order in which they were talked about in class/text.
Identifications on the test will ALWAYS be from this list.)
From the Book:
pareidolia
Redelmeir & Tversky (arthritis study)
selective matching
correlation
Kennan, Baillet, & Brown (causal inferences study)
the autism episode
Wakefield
McCarthy
Madsen et al. (the Denmark study on autism (you're reading the
footnotes, right???)
Honda, Shimuzu, & Rutter (autism rates in Japan after MMR removal)
Heath & Heath: memorableness of personal anecdotes
From the Lectures:
scientific methodologies case study
naturalistic observation correlational
method experimental method
reliability validity empirical
approach theory-driven approach
confirmation approach Popper's falsification
competitive hypothesis testing existence
proof independent variable control
variable experimental group
control group between-S design
Wtihin-S design matched (control) group
randomized groups
demand characteristics
confounding auxiliary
assumptions experimenter bias
double-blind procedure
statistical assumptions descriptive
statistics inferential
statistics alpha-level
p-level Type I error
Type II error Directional
Hypothesis Non-Directional Hypothesis
Parametric Test Non-Parametric Test
Too-Powerful Theories Rescorla's Contingency
Theory Predicting
Blocking Ahn & Kim DSM
causally central causally
peripheral causally isolated
Medin & Shoben Rehder &
Hastie Common Cause Schema
Common Effect Schema Watson
causal inferences Trabasso &
Sperry Trabasso & van der Broek
Myers & Duffy
pareidolia/selective matching (also in text) post
hoc, ergo propter hoc fallacy Redelmeir & Tversky
(also in text)
confirmation bias Ward &
Jenkins illusory correlation
Fuglesgan & Thompson prior belief
effect Shank & Abelson
scripts scenes
props roles
actions script-based inference
Kreuger & Clement Hannigan &
Reinitz inferential errors
forward inferences (cause to effect) backwards
inferences (effect to cause) Harris
Harris et al. the MMR episode (also in text)
Nyhan, Reifler, Richey, & Freed