Psychology 405 (Spring, 2016): Unit V


(Note: The following is a guide to what you should know. To help you locate items, these are presented in roughly the order in which they were talked about in class/text.  Identifications on the test will ALWAYS be from this list.)

From the Book:

pareidolia
Redelmeir & Tversky (arthritis study)
selective matching
correlation
Kennan, Baillet, & Brown (causal inferences study)
the autism episode
Wakefield
McCarthy
Madsen et al. (the Denmark study on autism (you're reading the footnotes, right???)
Honda, Shimuzu, & Rutter (autism rates in Japan after MMR removal)
Heath & Heath:  memorableness of personal anecdotes


From the Lectures:


scientific methodologies    case study    naturalistic observation    correlational method     experimental method
reliability    validity    empirical approach    theory-driven approach    confirmation approach     Popper's falsification
competitive hypothesis testing    existence proof    independent variable    control variable    experimental group
control group    between-S design    Wtihin-S design    matched (control) group    randomized groups
demand characteristics    confounding     auxiliary assumptions    experimenter bias    double-blind procedure
statistical assumptions    descriptive statistics    inferential statistics     alpha-level    p-level    Type I error
Type II error    Directional Hypothesis    Non-Directional Hypothesis   Parametric Test    Non-Parametric Test
Too-Powerful Theories   Rescorla's Contingency Theory   Predicting    Blocking    Ahn & Kim    DSM
causally central    causally peripheral    causally isolated     Medin & Shoben    Rehder & Hastie    Common Cause Schema
Common Effect Schema     Watson    causal inferences    Trabasso & Sperry    Trabasso & van der Broek    Myers & Duffy
 pareidolia/selective matching (also in text)     post hoc, ergo propter hoc fallacy    Redelmeir & Tversky (also in text)
confirmation bias    Ward & Jenkins    illusory correlation    Fuglesgan & Thompson    prior belief effect    Shank & Abelson
scripts    scenes    props    roles    actions    script-based inference    Kreuger & Clement    Hannigan & Reinitz    inferential errors
forward inferences (cause to effect)    backwards inferences (effect to cause)    Harris    Harris et al.   the MMR episode (also in text)
Nyhan, Reifler, Richey, & Freed